An effective safety and health management system is designed to prevent incidents from occurring. However, until companies achieve consistent zero incident performance, and in light of the potential for uncontrollable factors such as earthquakes or heart attacks, a well-designed, trained and tested emergency management system is necessary. Good management plans can prevent a worsening of an emergency and, by protecting responders, can prevent additional incidents from occurring. Companies must have the capability to respond appropriately to emergency and crisis situations.